New evidence underscores the health benefits of avoiding smoking, excessive drinking, and obesity: these behaviors are the leading preventable causes of cancer in adults, according to a new study. Published by the American Cancer Society, the study estimates that 40% of new cancer cases and 44% of cancer deaths in people aged 30 and over could be prevented by eliminating high-risk behaviors like smoking and drinking.
Experts emphasize that the study offers fresh evidence for public health leaders to promote healthy lifestyles as a means to reduce cancer risk and provides compelling reasons for individuals to take preventive actions.
The study examined cancer cases and deaths that could have been avoided through changes in behavior and diet, or by receiving vaccines for HPV and hepatitis B, which reduce the risk of cancer-causing infections. High-risk behaviors include smoking, exposure to second-hand smoke, alcohol consumption, and being overweight. Diets high in red or processed meats and low in fruits, vegetables, dietary fiber, or calcium also increase cancer risk. Additionally, the study cited cancer risks from infections such as hepatitis B, Epstein-Barr virus, HIV, human papillomavirus, and Kaposi sarcoma herpes virus.
Experts not involved in the study highlighted its importance as a reminder for public health agencies and policymakers to adopt measures that encourage healthy behaviors.
“This study presents a significant opportunity for our country – and indeed every country – to reduce cancer incidence and mortality by prioritizing prevention at both personal and societal levels,” said Ernest Hawk, vice president and head of cancer prevention and population sciences at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Hawk noted that the goal of the study is not to shame individuals who engage in high-risk behaviors but to inform and educate them.
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